GLOSSARY:
1. Vaada: It is a debate between two or more equals. It is primarily meant for the discernment of truth. The parties are open minded, even though they are convinced that they are right, they are ready to understand and accept the opponent’s view when proven wrong.
2. Jalpa: It is an argument calculated to destroy the opposition at any cost even by deception and falsehood.
3. Vitanda: It is aimed at criticizing and undermining the opponent. Its sole purpose is to prove the other wrong.
4. SATYAMEVA JAYATE: Let the truth alone triumph.
5. ASATOMA SAT GAMAYA TAMASOMA JYOTIR GAMAYA: Lead us from falsehood to truth and from darkness to light.
6. Top-down cascade: It is a trophic cascade where the food chain or food web is disrupted by the removal of a top predator or a consumer.
7. Kowtowing fallacy: A logical fallacy that results from an attitude of excessive humility that impedes critical thought.
8. Solomon Asch’s experiment on conformity: In 1951 social psychologist Solomon Asch devised an
experiment to examine the extent to which pressure from other people could affect one's perceptions. He showed bars to college students and asked them which of the bars on the right was of the same length as the one on the left. He asked the students to give their answers aloud. Only one student in each group was a real subject. All the others were confederates who had been instructed to give a majority of incorrect answers. Asch arranged for the real subject to be the next-to-the-last person in each group to announce his answer so that he would hear most of the confederates’ incorrect responses before giving his own. To Asch's surprise, 37 of the 50 subjects conformed themselves to the 'obviously erroneous' answers given by the other group members. Asch was disturbed by these results: The tendency to conformity in our society is so strong that reasonably intelligent and well-meaning young people are willing to call white black. Such an effect is called the Asch effect.
9. Argumentum ad Populum: A logical fallacy that is committed when a person concludes that a
proposition is true because many people believe it.
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1. Vaada: It is a debate between two or more equals. It is primarily meant for the discernment of truth. The parties are open minded, even though they are convinced that they are right, they are ready to understand and accept the opponent’s view when proven wrong.
2. Jalpa: It is an argument calculated to destroy the opposition at any cost even by deception and falsehood.
3. Vitanda: It is aimed at criticizing and undermining the opponent. Its sole purpose is to prove the other wrong.
4. SATYAMEVA JAYATE: Let the truth alone triumph.
5. ASATOMA SAT GAMAYA TAMASOMA JYOTIR GAMAYA: Lead us from falsehood to truth and from darkness to light.
6. Top-down cascade: It is a trophic cascade where the food chain or food web is disrupted by the removal of a top predator or a consumer.
7. Kowtowing fallacy: A logical fallacy that results from an attitude of excessive humility that impedes critical thought.
8. Solomon Asch’s experiment on conformity: In 1951 social psychologist Solomon Asch devised an
experiment to examine the extent to which pressure from other people could affect one's perceptions. He showed bars to college students and asked them which of the bars on the right was of the same length as the one on the left. He asked the students to give their answers aloud. Only one student in each group was a real subject. All the others were confederates who had been instructed to give a majority of incorrect answers. Asch arranged for the real subject to be the next-to-the-last person in each group to announce his answer so that he would hear most of the confederates’ incorrect responses before giving his own. To Asch's surprise, 37 of the 50 subjects conformed themselves to the 'obviously erroneous' answers given by the other group members. Asch was disturbed by these results: The tendency to conformity in our society is so strong that reasonably intelligent and well-meaning young people are willing to call white black. Such an effect is called the Asch effect.
9. Argumentum ad Populum: A logical fallacy that is committed when a person concludes that a
proposition is true because many people believe it.
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